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However, just how can you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How do you give someone the ability to upgrade the ledger without giving them a lot of powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves that in a Really creative manner I love to phone Who Wants to Be a Banker
In a nutshell, anyone who wants to take part in updating the ledger of all Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do so. All you need is to suppose a random number that solves an equation generated by the system. Sounds easy, right
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Of course, this guessing is done by your PC. The stronger your computer is, the more supposes you can create in one second, increasing your chances of winning this match. If you manage to guess correctly, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining computer comes up with the right suspect, your mining program determines which of these current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this block represents your moment of glory, as youve now become a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to upgrade the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with the solution, is sent to the entire network so other computers can affirm it. Its a bit similar to some Rubiks cube: The solution is quite tough to attain but very easy to validate.
3. Each computer that validates your solution updates its copy of the Bitcoin transaction ledger together with the transactions you opted to include in the block.
4. The machine generates a predetermined amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and benefits them to you as compensation for the time and energy you spent solving the math problem.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees that were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. All the transactions in the block youve only entered are now confirmed from the Bitcoin network and therefore are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining because of the fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the computer system. But if you think about it, the mining part is just a by-product of the transaction confirmation procedure. Therefore that the name is somewhat misleading, since the main objective of mining would be to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a type of guessing, for every block, a different miner will guess the number and be granted the right to update the blockchain. Obviously, the miners with computing power will succeed more often, but due to the law of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the same miner will succeed every time. .
Now you know what Bitcoin mining is, you may be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the principles for mining in a manner that the further mining energy the network gets, the harder it is to imagine the answer to the mining math problem. Therefore the difficulty of the mining process is actually self-adjusting to the accumulated mining power the network owns. .
If more miners join, it will get harder to solve the issue; if many of them drop off, it is going to get easier. This is known as mining issue.
Now, remember, this is on average. We can have two cubes being added minute after minute and then wait an hour for the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has created a type of arms race to get the most efficient and powerful miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a great deal of miners on the market. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and his view friend Hal Finney were a couple of the only individuals mining Bitcoin back at the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining difficulty was low. Since Bitcoin began to catch on, folks looked for more potent mining solutions.